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Tuesday, 17 August 2010

Is your company growing as fast as it can?

. . . or only as fast as it needs to?

In a world where ‘double-dip’ is the chasm to avoid, growth has seemingly become the Holy Grail - for continents, countries and corporations.   I say seemingly because, while common sense would dictate that this is a no-brainer, I also know that the problem with common sense is that it isn’t always common.

At a corporate level, how much growth is ‘sufficient’ to satisfy your corporate appetite?  That some companies are doing better than others is apparent.   Why is it that some companies have been able to achieve high growth rates while others haven’t?

Fundamentally, I attribute this to the level of aspiration – something which differentiates the leaders from the pack. Much of this difference is not about what they are doing but how.

When talking to companies around the world on prospects in India, this gets further highlighted.  For those companies who are still contemplating whether they should engage with India or not, hearing of consistent double-digit growth rates seems to sound like a mirage which will disappear if they attempt to grasp it. 

For those who are already in India, many are of the view that they are doing exceptionally well. Compared to their home markets, undoubtedly.  Compared to the local industry, a dipstick survey by White Owl Advisory reveals that international small-and medium-sized companies invariably under-perform the industry average on a host of performance indicators.  

I am currently reading ‘Employees First, Customers Second’ by Vineet Nayar,  CEO of HCL Technologies – one of India’s leading information technology services companies.   Early in the book, Mr Nayar puts in perspective the crossroads the company was at earlier this decade.  He refers to the fact that the company had started slowing down between 2000 and 2005.   This slow pace was 30 percent annual growth.  The journey is what the book details.  For those of you who are thinking this could have been owing to a low base, consolidated revenues at HCL Technologies were US$ 2.6 billion in March 2010. The underlying tenet of Mr Nayar’s book is that if you look after your employees, they will look after your customers who in turn look after the business.

In contrast, the Financial Times ran an article last week on the ever-elusive ‘work-life’ balance dilemma.  They asked some very eminent ‘experts’ whether the Blackberry should be switched off while on vacation.  All but one said yes. The contradicter in the pack was, incidentally, Sir Martin Sorrell, CEO of WPP, the world's largest marketing and communications group, who quipped that ‘clients’ businesses do not stop for holidays’.

HCL Technologies is not unique. A slew of corporates – Indian and multinational - have recorded trail-blazing growth rates in India over the last 15 years.  Given the title of Mr Nayar’s book, I can only assume they managed to give their employees a life as well.

Tuesday, 10 August 2010

Seven trends defining India’s growth story

In the last one week, I’ve come across some very interesting research – some slightly dated, the majority quite recent.  Yet, each of these individual threads, coincidentally, supports the other.  What does the emerging tapestry reveal?

1. The undisputable re-emergence of Asia, specifically China and India (see Angus Maddison, Hans Rosling, McKinsey, International Monetary Fund).  China’s recent eclipsing of Japan to gain recognition as the world’s second largest economy is par for the course as is increased intra-regional trade.

2. Increasing domestic prosperity 
  • For the first time ever, the number of high-income households in India has exceeded the number of low-income ones (reference NCAER);
  • Sales of trucks and buses — an indicator of economic activity — rose 37 per cent to 51,481 units in July 2010;
  • Overall automobile sales grew at 31.50 per cent to 1,237,461 units in July 2010; and
  • Mobile penetration is projected to reach 55.9 percent in 2010, increasing to 72.5 percent in 2012. 
3.  India’s growing engagement with the world
4.  Heightened business focus; less emotional baggage
  • India Inc's merger and acquisitions have touched nearly US$ 50 billion level over January-July 2010, over three times the total in 2009. 
  • Strategic rationale driving corporate expansion (Fortis, Piramal Healthcare)
  • Robust succession planning process (Tata Sons, Larsen and Toubro, Infosys)
5.  An aspirational, entrepreneurial, young talent pool
  • 72 % of India's population is below the age of 40, 47% of Indians are under the age of 20 and 10% of the world population is an Indian under 25
  • According to Goldman Sachs, India will add 110 mn people to global workforce by 2020.
  • The Indian Government plans to increase the gross enrolment ratio from the current 12.4% to 30% by 2020 and further up to 40% by 2025. 
6.  Increasingly pervasive influence of technology and media
  • Reverse / low-cost innovation – Tata, GE, Nokia leading the way
  • The media and entertainment sector is estimated to be growing at a compounded annual growth rate of 13 per cent over the next few years; rollout of 3G by the private sector over the next few months is expected to be a game-changer for business and society.
7.  Growing economic maturity and self-confidence
  • India has become the fifth country to have a unique symbol (`) for its currency
  • Foreign exchange reserves total US$ 284 billion
  • Is forging its own set of strategic partnerships – USA, Singapore, Myanmar, Africa, Afghanistan - to name a few.
In sum, the tapestry presents much potential.  Yet, as anyone remotely familiar with India knows, it is far from being an easy market to do business with.  Any truthful case study of an international company doing business with India is peppered with anecdotes about how they have had to revise their India strategy.  Poor governance and infrastructure remain areas of concern.  

But then again, if India were an economist’s ‘perfect’ market, it wouldn’t be witnessing the extraordinary growth rates it has.